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CHIMNEY REPAIR TIPS REPLACING THE CHIMNEY CROWN
Many times as a homeowner or property investor you will find your chimney in need of some minor chimney repair or chimney sweeping. The first step is gain access to the chimney. If your chimney is 30 feet tall and inaccessible it may be wise to hire a chimney repair specialist. Most reputable masonry contractors will provide you with a free estimate. Once you have gained access to your chimney you can begin the repair process.
The second step is to assess the level of chimney repair necessary. If your chimney crown is cracked this can often times be a simple enough chimney repair to perform for an experienced do-it-yourselfer. The chimney crown is the top concrete part of the chimney. Any chimney crown repair begins with the removal of the damaged crown. Most Chimney repair specialist will chip away the concrete with a rotary hammer or pneumatic chisel. As a DIY homeowner an older and more manual method may be necessary to remove the chimney crown. For this I would recommend a chisel, 5 lb sledge hammer, & brick hammer. Of coarse the tool necessary for chimney repair and chimney crown replacement are dependent on the size and thickness of the crown.
Once you have removed the chimney crown inspect the flue on the chimney. The chimney flue liner is the ceramic insert that runs up the center of the chimney. If the flue is cracked it may be time to call in a chimney repair professional. Provided the chimney flu is in sound condition you can begin replacing the chimney crown. The next step in the chimney repair process is the clean and loose debris and dust of the top of the chimney. Use a stiff bristle brush to clean of any particles.
The next step in the chimney repair process is to mix up some concrete. In most cases I recommend that the DIY homeowner use a redi-mix concrete. When I do a chimney repair I prefer using fiber reinforced crack resistant concrete. I have found that the thicker/stiffer the concrete is mixed the less likely it is to run down the side of the chimney this will make for a cleaner chimney repair. When working in a warmer climate and temperatures exceed 80 degrees on the day you do your chimney repair you will want to mix your concrete more thin/loose.
Make sure to slope your concrete away from the ceramic flue liner to allow for proper water drainage. I find that when you make your chimney crown thicker it makes for a longer lasting chimney repair. On Most chimney repairs on chimney crown pour the concrete 4-7 inches thick at the flue and slope it down to a 2 inch edge. Achieving a smooth finish on your concrete can take years of practice to master but with some patience most DIY homeowners can handle this repair
The above information has been provided for the benefit of the DIY homeowner by Mark Allen Maupin of Brick Repair LLC (248) 895-7752. Brick Repair LLC Is a local Michigan chimney cleaning and chimney sweeping masonry repair contractor with the last 12 years specialized in masonry restoration and repair. We are experts at matching brick and mortar color We offer free estimates for any of the following services: Chimney repair, Chimney construction, Chimney crown repair, chimney cap replacement, Chimney rebuilds, Chimineas Tuckpointing, Natural stone, Limestone replacement, Cultured stone, brick porch repair, Brick porch construction, Brick wall construction, toothing work, pointing and repointing work, grout replacement, and historic restoration. We look forward to the opportunity to help you with and brick, block or stone project.
Auburn Hills, Beverly Hills, Birmingham, Bloomfield Hills, Bloomfield township, Brighton, Canton, Clarkston, Clawson, Commerce,Livonia, Madison Heights, Milford, New Hudson, Northville, Novi, Oak Park, Orchard Lake, Orion, Orchard Lake, Ortonville, Pontiac, Redford, Rochester, Rochester Hills, Dearborn, Dearborn Heights, Ferndale, Drayton Plains, Eastpointe, Farmington, Farmington Hills, Grosse pointe, Highland, Highland Park, Howell, Hunington Woods, Keego Harbor, Lake Orion, Lathrup Village, Lincoln Park, Romulus, Roseville, Royal Oak, South Lyon, Southfield, Sterling Heights, Sylvan Lake, Troy, Utica, Walled Lake, Waterford, West Bloomfield, White Lake Oakland County, Wayne County, Macomb County, Livingston County |
With any chimney repair or masonry restoration project comes debris. Small chunks of mortar, pieces of concrete, and chunks of brick from the demolition of the brickwork can add up fast. And lets face it, its not like your local garbageman or trash removal service is going to grab a garbage can that weighs 500 lbs and carry it away. That is why whenever you plan on doing any kind of demolition project, chimney repair, or brickwork you need to know what to do with your debris and trash.
One option is to remove the brick debris, concrete, and mortar yourself. This involves filling up a trailer or truck and hauling out the brick, concrete, and mortar. You can then haul this material to the dump, but the dump charges by weight. A much more practical method of removing the debris, is to find a local concrete recycling company. Most concrete recycling companies will take any concrete and mortar you have and dispose of it. A select few concrete recycling companies, commonly referred to as the concrete crusher, will take your brick debris also. Concrete, brick, and mortar are ground up to a gravel sized consistency. This aggregate is then recycled into new concrete. The problem with using concrete crushers and recyclers is unless you have a dump truck or dump trailer, you must handle your material and debris not only when you haul it off of the job, but when you dump it. By far the most cost-effective way to go on any large scale demolition project is to rent a dumpster. Whenever you rent the dumpster be sure to specify what you plan on disposing of inside of it.
At Brick Repair LLC we are committed to the local Michigan environment. We use concrete recycling companies whenever possible. For more information about masonry and masonry repair, our free how-to repair brick videos, please visit us http://www.chimneyrepairmichigan.com/ Brick repair llc's chimney repair service provides chimney cleaning for south east Residents of Rochester hills vist http://www.chimneyrepairrochesterhills.com/
For information about Michigan chimney sweeps chimney cleaning chimney repair
check out our masonry repair videos HTTP://www.michiganchimneyrepair.org/
Chimney repair in and Oakland county and surrounding cities http://www.chimneyrepairoaklandcounty.com/
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Chimneypiece and overmantel, about 1750 V&A Museum no. 738:1 to 3-1897
Fireplace mantel or mantelpiece, also known as a chimneypiece, originated in medieval times as a hood that projected over a grate to catch the smoke. The term has evolved to include the decorative framework around the fireplace, and can include elaborate designs extending to the ceiling. Mantelpiece is now the general term for the jambs, mantel shelf, and external accessories of a fireplace. For many centuries, the chimneypiece was the most ornamental and most artistic feature of a room, but as fireplaces have become smaller, and modern methods of heating have been introduced, its artistic as well as its practical significance has lessened.
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In the early Renaissance style, the chimneypiece of the Palais de Justice at Bruges is a magnificent example; the upper portion, carved in oak, extends the whole width of the room, with nearly life-size statues of Charles V. and others of the royal family of Spain. The most prolific modern designer of chimneypieces was G. B. Piranesi, who in 1765 published a large series, on which at a later date the Empire style in France was based. In France, the finest work of the early Renaissance period is to be found in the chimneypieces, which are of infinite variety of design.
The English chimneypieces of the early seventeenth century, when the purer Italian style was introduced by Inigo Jones, were extremely simple in design, sometimes consisting only of the ordinary mantel piece, with classic architraves and shelf, the upper part of the chimney breast being paneled like the rest of the room. In the latter part of the century the classic architrave was abandoned in favor of a much bolder and more effective molding, as in the chimneypieces at Hampton Court, and the shelf was omitted.
In the eighteenth century, the architects returned to the Inigo Jones classic type, but influenced by the French work of Louis XIV. and XV. Figure sculpture, generally represented by graceful figures on each side, which assisted to carry the shelf, was introduced, and the over-mantel developed into an elaborate frame for the family portrait over the chimneypiece. Towards the close of the eighteenth century the designs of the Adam Brothers superseded all others, and a century later they came again into fashion. The Adam mantels are in wood enriched with ornament, cast in molds, sometimes copied from the carved wood decoration of old times.
Modern wooden fireplace mantel in a suburban American home.
Mantels or fireplace mantels can be the focus of custom interior decoration. A mantel traditionally offers a unique opportunity for the architect/designer to create a personal statement unique to the room they are creating. Historically the mantel defines the architectural style of the interior decor, whether it be traditional i.e. Classic, Renaissance, Italian, French, American, Victorian, Gothic etc.
The choice of material for the mantel includes such rich materials as marble, limestone, granite, or fine woods. Certainly the most luxurious of materials is marble. In the past only the finest of rare colored and white marbles were used. Today many of those fine materials are no longer available, however many other beautiful materials can be found world wide. The defining element of a great mantel is the design and workmanship.
A mantel offers a unique opportunity in its design for a sculptor/artisan to demonstrate their skill in carving each of the fine decorative elements. Elements such as capitals, moldings, brackets, figures, animals, fruits and vegetation are commonly used to decorate a mantel. One might say that a mantel can be an encyclopedia of sculpture. More than the material, it is the quality of the carving that defines the quality of the mantel piece thus highlighting the magnificence of the room.
In 1834 Gideon Algernon Mantell (1790 - 1852), was given a sandstone block containing Iguanodon bones. This was nicknamed the 'Mantell-Piece'.
Up to the twelfth century, fires were simply made in the middle of a home by a hypocaust, or with braziers, or by fires on the hearth with smoke vented out the lantern in the roof. As time went on, the placement of fireplaces moved to the wall, incorporating chimneys to vent the smoke. This permitted the design of a very elaborate, rich, architectural focal point for a grand room.
The earliest known chimneypiece is in the Kings House at Southampton, with Norman shafts in the joints carrying a segmental arch, which is attributed to the first half of the twelfth century. At a later date, in consequence of the greater width of the fireplace, flat or segmental arches were thrown across and constructed with archivolt, sometimes joggled, with the thrust of the arch being resisted by bars of iron at the back.
In domestic work of the fourteenth century, the chimneypiece was greatly increased in order to allow of the members of the family sitting on either side of the fire on the hearth, and in these cases great beams of timber were employed to carry the hood; in such cases the fireplace was so deeply recessed as to become externally an important architectural feature, as at Haddon Hall. The largest chimneypiece existing is in the great hall of the Palais des Comtes at Poitiers, which is nearly 30 feet (9.1 m) wide, having two intermediate supports to carry the hood; the stone flues are carried up between the tracery of an immense window above.
The history of carved mantels is a fundamental element in the history of western art. Every element of European sculpture can be seen on great mantels. Many of the historically noted sculptors of the past i.e. Augustus St. Gaudens designed and carved magnificent mantels, some of which can be found on display in the worlds great museums. Exactly as the facade of a building is distinguished by its design, proportion, and detail so it is with fine mantels. The attention to carved detail is what defines a great mantel.
Up until the 20th century and the invention of mechanized contained heating systems, rooms were heated by an open or central fire. A modern fireplace usually serves as an element to enhance the grandeur of an interior space rather than as a heat source. Today, fireplaces of varying quality, materials and style are available worldwide. The fireplace mantels of today often incorporate the architecture of two or more periods or cultures.
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For the 1976 Mexican film, see The Bricklayers.
| | The examples and perspective in this article may not represent a worldwide view of the subject. Please improve this article and discuss the issue on the talk page. (December 2010) |
Bricklayer in Paoua, Central African Republic
A bricklayer or mason is a craftsman who lays bricks to construct brickwork. The term also refers to personnel who use blocks to construct blockwork walls and other forms of masonry.[1] In British and Australian English, a bricklayer is colloquially known as a "brickie".
The training of a trade in European cultures has been a formal tradition for many centuries. A craftsman typically begins in an apprenticeship, working for and learning from a master craftsman, and after a number of years is released from his master's service to become a journeyman. After a journeyman has proven himself to his trade's guild (most guilds are now known by different names), he may settle down as a master craftsman and work for himself, eventually taking on his own apprentices.
A notable person who laid bricks (as a hobby) was Sir Winston Churchill.
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The modern process can be different. A craftsman still begins as an apprentice, but the apprenticeship is carried out partly through working for a qualified craftsman and partly through an accredited technical college delivering level one, two and three brickwork qualifications to learners (in the UK). These come in a variety of forms; City and Guilds, Foundation, Intermediate and Advanced Construction Awards and site-based NVQ Levels one to three. After about two years college, the learner/worker is ready for site as an improver having attained level two, and works under guidance until he or she is well-rounded in the craft. From start to finish it takes at least four years, and even then there is still more to be learned; modern construction methods are always developing, and a typical brickie will be expected to turn his or her hand to allied trades. Fully qualified doesn't mean expert, which is why employment ads often state 'must have ten years experience in the trade' - a longer learning curve than a junior doctor.
The German word for a bricklayer is Maurer. In Germany bricklaying is one of the most traditional trades.
The aspirant bricklayers start their careers as apprentices (Lehrlinge) and learn from a master craftsmen (Meister) the skills necessary for the trade. They also attend a vocational school (Berufsschule) to gain theoretical knowledge.
After three years of training they graduate by successfully completing an exam held by the guild (Innung). The apprentices must show that they are able to construct masonry, know how to protect a house from humidity or water ingress, know about thermal insulation, know about the science of construction material and about occupational health and safety. If the apprentices are successful they are awarded with the journeymans's certificate (Gesellenbrief) and are now allowed to call themselves journeyman (Geselle).
After graduation the journeymen may choose to go on a three years and one day journey known as the "journey years" (Wanderjahre, Walz, Stör, Tippelei). For this purpose he may join an association for journeymen (Schacht). The most important journeymen associations are as follows:
1. The righteous journeymen (Rechtschaffene Fremde)
The members of this association wear traditionally black (aka the blacks) to express their decency (Ehrbarkeit). The association is more than 200 years old. The members have a secret ceremonial which they are not allowed to describe, but people say that its content and language are of great beauty. This association is very near to the Unions and many of its members are members of the unions as well.
2. The free journeymen (Fremder Freiheitsschacht)
This association was founded on Mayday of 1910 by the famous bricklayer Hermann Schäfer. They wear red and are called the reds. Their maxim is "we all are brothers, we all are the same" ("Wir alle seins Brüder, wir alle seins gleich" dialect). They call each other "Dear Brother" (Bruderherz).
3. Association of Roland (Rolandschacht)
They wear blue and are called the blue ones. Their maxim is "loyalty and friendship and brotherhood will unite us brothers of Roland all the time" ("Treue, Freundschaft, Brüderlichkeit, vereint uns Rolandsbrüder alle Zeit" )
After their journey years the craftsmen are allowed to settle down ( to become a local/citizen (Einheimischer)), but the will only be allowed to do so, if they behaved respectably on their journey.
A person who has had many years of experience in their trade will be allowed to become a master. They will have an exam again. In this exam they will show that they are an expert of the trade. They also must show that the can work well with other people and have some teaching skills, because as a master he will be allowed to educate younger bricklayers.
If he did well in the exam he will be rewarded with the master craftmen's diploma (Meisterbrief) by the chamber of crafts.
As a master he will be allowed to start his own construction company.
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Dismantled wall showing brickwork
Decorative Tudor brick chimneys, Hampton Court Palace UK
Herringbone patern brickwork, medieval Canterbury UK
12th century temple brickwork, Ayuthaya Thailand
Brickwork is masonry produced by a bricklayer, using bricks and mortar to build up brick structures such as walls. Brickwork is also used to finish corners, door and window openings etc. in buildings made of other materials.
Where the bricks are to remain fully visible, as opposed to being covered up by plaster or stucco, this is known as face-work or facing brickwork.
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A wall built in Flemish bond
Brick sizes are generally coordinated so that two rows of bricks laid alongside, with a mortar joint between them, are the same width as the length of a single brick laid across the two rows. That allows headers, bricks laid at 90 degrees to the direction of the wall, to be built in and tie together two or more layers, or wythes, of brick. The thickness of a brick wall is measured by the length of a brick, so a wall one brick thick will contain two layers of brick, one and a half bricks is three layers etc. A common metric coordinating size is 215 millimetres (8.5 in) x 102.5 millimetres (4.04 in) x 65 millimetres (2.6 in), which is intended to work with a 10 millimetres (0.39 in) mortar joint: 75 millimetres (3.0 in) course height, 215 millimetres (8.5 in) wall thickness etc. This is based on the earlier inch sizes. There are many different standard brick sizes worldwide, most with some coordinating principle.
The simplest type of wall is constructed in solid brickwork, normally at least one brick thick. Bricks are laid in rows known as courses, the arrangement of headers and stretchers in each course gives rise to different patterns or bonds.
In a cavity wall, two layers (or leaves) of brickwork are tied together with metal ties, with a cavity or 2 to 4 inches that may be filled with insulation.
A non-structural outer facing of brick is tied back to an internal structure: a layer of blockwork, timber or metal studwork etc.
Positions
Stretcher: a brick laid horizontally, flat with the long side of the brick exposed on the outer face of a wall.
Header: a brick laid flat with the short end of the brick exposed.
Soldier: a brick laid vertically with the narrow ("stretcher") side exposed.
Sailor: a brick laid vertically with the broad side exposed.
Rowlock: a brick laid on the long, narrow side with the small or "header" side exposed.
Shiner: a brick laid on the long narrow side with the broad side exposed [1] [2]
Six positions
Brick Types. There are two main types of clay bricks: pressed and wire cut. Pressed bricks usually have a deep frog in one bedding surface and a shallow frog in the other. Wire cut bricks usually have 3 or 4 holes through them constituting up to 25% of the total volume of the brick. Some ‘perforated’ bricks have many smaller holes.
Brick Usage. There are three main categories of use, and both pressed bricks or wire cut brick types are used in all three categories.
Facing brickwork is the visible decorative work.
Engineering brickwork, often seen in bridges and large industrial construction but may also be hidden in ground works where maximum durability is required e.g. manhole construction.
Common brickwork is not usually seen and is used where engineering qualities are not required; below ground in domestic buildings and internal walls for instance.
Frog up/down. A frog is a recessed part of a surface of a brick. Pressed bricks are laid ‘frog up’ when maximum strength is required especially in engineering work. This method also increases the mass of a wall and decreases sound transmittance. Pressed bricks may be laid frog down; this method is favoured by the bricklayer since less mortar is required for bedding. There may also be a marginal increase in thermal insulation due to the entrapped air pockets. A disadvantage of this method is that with bricks having a very deep ‘V’ shaped frog there may be some difficulty in making reliable fixings to the wall when the fixing hits an air pocket.
Wire cut bricks may be laid either way up but some types of wire cuts have a textured (combed) face creating folds in the face of the brick which is directional. It is advisable to lay these bricks with the folds hanging downwards to maximise the weathering characteristics of the brick.
Ties or cavity ties are used to tie layers of brickwork into one another, to form a structural whole. A common type is a figure-eight of twisted wire, generally stainless steel to avoid failure due to corrosion. The loop at either end is buried in the mortar bed as the wall is built up.
Mortar is a mixture of sand, lime and Portland cement, mixed with water to a workable consistency. It is applied with a bricklayer's trowel, and sets solid in a few hours. There are many different mixes and admixtures used to make mortars with different performance characteristics.
Bat - a cut brick. A quarter bat is one quarter the length of a stretcher. A half bat is one half.[3]
Closer - a cut brick used to change the bond at quoins. Commonly a quarter bat.
Queens closer - a brick which has been cut over its length and is a stretcher long and a quarter bat deep. Commonly used to bond one brick walls at right angled quoins.
Kings closer - a brick which has been cut diagonally over its length to show a half bat at one end and nothing at the other.
Snapped Header - a half bat laid to appear as a header. Commonly used to build short radii half brick walls or decorative features.
Squint - a brick which is specially made to bond around external quoins of obtuse angles. Typically 60 or 45 degrees.
Dog Leg - a brick which is specially made to bond around internal acute angles. Typically 60 or 45 degrees.
Corbel - a brick, block or stone which oversails the main wall.
Cant - a header which is angled at less than 90 degrees.
Plinth - a stretcher which is angled at less than 90 degrees.
Voussoir - a supporting brick in an arch, usually shaped to ensure the joints appear even.
Creasing tile - a flat clay tile laid as a brick to form decorative features or waterproofing to the top of a garden wall.
Cramp - or frame cramp is a tie used to secure a window or door frame.
Movement Joint - a straight joint formed in a wall to contain compressible material, in order to prevent cracking as the wall contracts or expands.
Air brick - a brick with perforations to allow the passage of air through a wall. Usually used to permit the ventilation of underfloor areas.
Pier - a free standing section of masonry such as pillar or panel.
Quoin - a corner in masonry.
Stopped end - the end of a wall which does not abut any other component.
Dog tooth - a course of headers where alternate bricks project from the face.
Saw tooth - a course of headers laid at a 45 degree angle to the main face.
Sleeper wall - a low wall whose function is to provide support, typically to floor joists.
Honeycomb wall - a wall, usually stretcher bond, in which the vertical joints are opened up to the size of a quarter bat to allow air to circulate. Commonly used in sleeper walls.
Party Wall - a wall shared by two properties or parties.
Shear Wall - a wall designed to give way in the event of structural failure in order to preserve the integrity of the remaining building.
Fire Wall - a wall specifically constructed to compartmentalise a building in order to prevent fire spread.
Withe - the central wall dividing two shafts. Most commonly to divide flues within a chimney.
Toothing - the forming of a temporary stopped end in such a way as to allow the bond to continue at a later date as the work proceeds.
Indent - a hole left in a wall in order to accommodate an adjoining wall at a future date. These are often left to permit temporary access to the work area.
Tumbling in - bonding a battered buttress or breast into a horizontal wall.
Racking back - stepping back the bond as the wall increases in height in order to allow the work to proceed at a future date.
| Flemish bond. | Cavity wall-stretcher bond | English bond |
Ruins of Rosewell Plantation, Gloucester County, Virginia, one of earliest works in America in Flemish bond. The bricks were imported from England.
Flemish bond, also known as Dutch bond, has historically always been considered the most decorative bond, and for this reason was used extensively for dwellings until the adoption of the cavity wall. It is created by alternately laying headers and stretchers in a single course. The next course is laid so that a header lies in the middle of the stretcher in the course below. This bond is two bricks thick. It is quite difficult to lay Flemish bond properly, since for best effect all the perpendiculars (vertical mortar joints) need to be vertically aligned. If only one face of a Flemish bond wall is exposed, one third of the bricks are not visible, and hence may be of low visual quality. This is a better ratio than for English bond, Flemish bond's main rival for load-bearing walls.
A common variation often found in early 18th century buildings is Glazed-headed Flemish Bond, in which the exposed headers are burned until they vitrify with a black glassy surface. Monk bond' is a variant of Flemish bond, with two stretchers between the headers in each row, and the headers centred over the join between the two stretchers in the row below. A common variant is Wessex Bond with three stretchers between each header. This is easier to lay than full Flemish Bond and produces a less intense, but nevertheless "pretty" brickwork face.
Stretcher bond, also known as running bond, consists of bricks laid with only their long narrow sides (their stretchers) showing, overlapping midway with the courses of bricks below and above. It is the simplest repeating pattern, but since it doesn't bond with other layers of bricks it is suitable only for a wall one brick thick, the thinnest possible wall.[4] Such a thin wall is not stable enough to stand alone, and must be tied to a supporting structure. It is common in modern buildings, particularly as the outer face of a cavity wall, or as the facing to a timber or steel framed structure.
This bond has two alternating courses of stretchers and headers, with the headers centered on the stretchers, and each alternate row vertically aligned. There is a variant in which the second course of stretchers is half offset from the first, giving rise to English cross bond or Dutch bond.[5]
By one definition, Common, American or Scottish bond has one row of headers to five of stretchers.[6] The number of stretcher courses may vary from that, in practice. For example, the brick Clarke-Palmore House in Henrico County, Virginia, has a lower level built in 1819 described as being American bond of 3 to 5 stretcher courses between each header course, and an upper level built in 1855 with American bond of 6 to 7 stretcher courses between each header course.[7]
English garden wall bond - A repeating sequence of three courses of stretchers followed by a course of headers.
Flemish garden Wall Bond - A repeating sequence of three stretchers followed by a header in each course. The courses are offset so that the headers of the courses above and below is centered on the middle stretcher of the course between (so at any header the sequence vertically is header-stretcher-header etc.). A variation of Flemish Garden Wall bond is Flemish diagonal bond - A complex pattern of stretcher courses alternating with courses of one or two stretchers between headers, at various offsets such that over ten courses a diamond shaped pattern appears.[5]
Water Bond - a nine inch wall bond where both skins are built in stretcher bond, but the bed joints in are staggered so as not to align. This bond is often specified by local councils in the North of England for manholes.
Rat-trap bond, also known as Chinese bond, is a type of garden wall bond similar to Flemish, but consisting of rowlocks and shiners instead of headers and stretchers (the stretchers and headers are laid on their sides, with the base of the stretcher facing outwards). This gives a wall with an internal cavity bridged by the headers, hence the name. The main advantage of this bond is economy in use of bricks, giving a wall of one brick thickness with fewer bricks than a solid bond. Rat-trap bond was in common usage in England for building houses of fewer than 3 stories up to the turn of the 20th century and is today still used in India as an economical bond, as well for the insulation properties offered by the air cavity. Also, many brick walls surrounding kitchen gardens were designed with cavities so hot air could circulate in the winter, warming fruit trees or other produce spread against the walls, causing them to bloom earlier and forcing early fruit production.[8][9]
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See also: List of the oldest buildings in Rhode Island
1653 Roger Mowry House (Providence) diagram from Norman Isham's 1895 book [1]
Arnold House, 1691, Lincoln, Rhode Island
The Stone-ender is a unique style of Rhode Island architecture that developed in the 17th century where one wall in a house is made up of a large stone chimney.
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Rhode Island was first settled in 1636 by Roger Williams and other colonists from England. Many of the colonists came from western England and brought the prevalent British architectural ideas with them to New England but adapted these to the environment of Rhode Island. The colonists built “stone enders” which made use of the material that was in abundance in the area, timber and stone. Rhode Island also had an abundance of limestone (in contrast to the other New England states), and this allowed Rhode Islanders to make mortar to build massive end chimneys on their houses. Much of the lime was quarried at Limerock in Lincoln, Rhode Island. Only a few stone enders remain in the 21st century. Architectural restorationist, Norman Isham restored several original stone enders in the early 20th century, (see: *Clement Weaver House and Clemence-Irons House). Armand LaMontagne, a Scituate sculptor, handbuilt a large 17th-century style stone-ender off of Route 6 in Scituate, Rhode Island in the 1970s.
Stone ender houses were usually timber-framed, one and one-half or two stories in height, with one room on each floor. One end of the house contained a massive stone chimney, which usually filled the entire end wall, thus giving the dwelling the name of “stone ender.” Robert O. Jones, in the Statewide Historical Preservation Report K-W-1, Warwick, Rhode Island, in 1981, noted that the windows were very small “casements filled with oiled paper” and that “the stairs to the upper chambers were steep, ladder-like structures usually squeezed in between the chimney and the front entrance.” He points out that a few houses may have had leaded glass windows, but that was very rare. For an example containing the leaded glass windows along with ladder-like, steep stairs, see: *Clement Weaver House, East Greenwich, Rhode Island 1679
John Bliss House, Newport, Rhode Island ca. 1680
John Tripp House, Providence/Newport, Rhode Island 1720
Smith-Appleby House, Smithfield, Rhode Island, 1696 (chimney later modified)
| Epenetus Olney House in North Providence, demolished by 1900 | Arthur Fenner House (ca. 1655) in Cranston, demolished 1886 | Clement Weaver House, ca. 1679, in East Greenwich, Rhode Island | |
| | Tripp House, 1720, Washington Street, Newport, Rhode Island | John Bliss House, ca. 1680, 2 Wilbur Avenue, Newport, Rhode Island | Mowry Tavern, ca. 1650, in Providence near North Burial Ground (demolished c.1900) |
| John Mowry, Jr. or Sayles House on Wesquadomeset (Sayles) Hill near Iron Mine Hill and Sayles Hill Roads in North Smithfield, demolished in the early 20th century | Stone ender on Memorial Boulevard in Newport, Rhode Island | | |
| Armand Lamontagne's stone ender from the late 20th century in Scituate, Rhode Island | Smith-Appleby House in Smithfield with a modified chimney | Governor William Coddington House, a stone ender in Newport built in 1640-41, was destroyed in 1835 |
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| | This article needs additional citations for verification. |
A list of the tallest chimneys of the world.
Since the beginning of the industrial revolution, tall chimneys were built, at the beginning with bricks, and later also of concrete or steel. Although chimneys never held the absolute height record, they are among the tallest free-standing architectural structures and often hold national records (as tallest free-standing or as overall tallest structure of a country).[citation needed]
| Held record | Name and Location | Constructed | Height (m) | Height (ft) | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| From | To | |||||
| 1842 | 1859 | 1842 | 132 | 435 | ||
| 1859 | 1889 | Port Dundas Townsend Chimney, Glasgow, Scotland, UK | 1859 | 138.4 | 454 | |
| 1889 | 1919 | Halsbrücker Esse, Halsbrücke, Germany | 1889 | 140 | 459 | |
| 1919 |
| 1919 | 178.3 | 585 | Tallest chimney built of bricks | |
| 1962 | 1967 | Chimney of Schilling Power Station, Stade, Germany | 1962 | 220 | 722 | |
| 1967 | 1970 | Chimney of Lippendorf Power Station, Lippendorf, Germany | 1967 | 300 | 984 | |
| 1970 | 1971 | Chimney of Cumberland Power Plant, Cumberland City, USA | 1970 | 305 | 1001 | |
| 1971 | 1987 | Inco Superstack, Copper Cliff, Ontario, Canada | 1971 | 380 | 1247 | |
| 1987 |
| 1987 | 419.7 | 1377 | ||
| Name | Pinnacle height | Year | Country | Town | Remarks | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1377 ft | 419.7 m | 1987 | Tallest chimney in the world | |||
| 1247 ft | 380 m | 1971 | Tallest chimney in the Western Hemisphere | |||
| Chimney of Homer City Generating Station | 1217 ft | 371 m | 1977 | Tallest chimney in the United States. | ||
| 1215 ft | 370.4 m | 1974 | Tallest free-standing structure west of the Mississippi River | |||
| Chimney of Berezovskaya GRES | 1214 ft | 370 m | 1985 | Tallest chimney in Russia | ||
| Chimney of Mitchell Power Plant | 1206 ft | 367.6 m | 1971 | |||
| 1181 ft | 360 m | 1976 | Tallest chimney in Europe | |||
| 1168 ft | 356 m | 1974 | ||||
| Chimney of Phoenix Copper Smelter | 1153 ft | 351.5 m | 1995 | |||
| Chimney of Syrdarya Power Plant | 1148 ft | 350 m | 1975 | |||
| Chimney of Teruel Power Plant | 1125 ft | 343 m | ||||
| Chimney of Plomin Power Station | 1115 ft | 340 m | ||||
| Chimney of Power Station Westerholt | 1106 ft | 337 m | 1997 | Demolished on December 3, 2006 by explosives. Tallest free-standing structure ever demolished by explosives in a controlled manner | ||
| Chimney of Mountaineer Power Plant | 1102 ft | 336 m | 1980 | |||
| Chimney of Moldavskaya GRES-5 | 1099 ft | 335 m | ||||
| Chimney of Ekibastuz GRES-1 | 1083 ft | 330 m | ||||
| 2 Сhimneys of Permskaya GRES | 1083 ft | 330 m | 1987 | |||
| 2 Сhimneys of Reftinskaya GRES | 1083 ft | 330 m | 1980 | |||
| Chimney of Kharkiv TEC-5 | 1083 ft | 330 m | 1981 | |||
| Chimney of Zuevska thermal power station | 1083 ft | 330 m | ||||
| Chimney of Maritza East Power Station | 1066 ft | 325 m | 1977/1980 | |||
| Chimney of Pirdop copper smelter and refinery | 1066 ft | 325 m | ? | |||
| 2 Сhimneys of Kirishskaya GRES | 1050 ft | 320 m | 1984/1986 | |||
| Chimney of Ryazanskaya GRES | 1050 ft | 320 m | 1973 | |||
| 2 Сhimneys of Tobolsk TEC | 1050 ft | 320 m | 1983 | |||
| Chimney of Kostromskaya GRES | 1050 ft | 320 m | ? | |||
| Chimney of Zaporozhskaya GRES | 1050 ft | 320 m | 1972 | |||
| Chimney of Vuhlehirska thermal power plant | 1050 ft | 320 m | 197? | |||
| Chimney of Rockport Power Plant | 1038 ft | 316.4 m | ||||
| Chimney of Ugljevik Power Plant | 1017 ft | 310 m | 1985 | |||
| Chimney of Armstrong Power Plant | 1011 ft | 308.15 m | 1982 | |||
| Chimney of Buschhaus Power Station | 1007 ft | 307 m | 1984 | |||
| Chimney of Harrison Power Station Scrubber | 1001 ft | 305 m | 1994 | |||
| Chimney of Robert W Scherer Power Plant | 1001 ft | 305 m | 1983/1985 | |||
| Chimney of Independence Power Plant | 1001 ft | 305 m | 1983 | |||
| Chimney of Kyger Creek Power Plant | 1001 ft | 305 m | 1980 | |||
| Chimney of White Bluff Power Plant | 1001 ft | 305 m | 1980 | |||
| Chimney of Harllee Branch Power Plant | 1001 ft | 305 m | 1978 | |||
| Chimney of Widows Creek Power Plant | 1001 ft | 305 m | 1977 | |||
| Chimney of Hal B. Wansley Power Plant | 1001 ft | 305 m | 1976 | |||
| Chimney of Kingston Power Plant | 1001 ft | 305 m | 1976 | |||
| Chimney of Harrison Power Station | 1001 ft | 305 m | 1972/1973 | |||
| Chimney of Cumberland Power Plant | 1001 ft | 305 m | 1970 | |||
| Chimney of W. H. Sammis Power Plant, Unit 7 | 1001 ft | 305 m | 1970 | |||
| Chimney of Conemaugh Generating Station | 1001 ft | 305 m | ||||
| Chimney of Hayden Smelter | 1001 ft | 305 m | ||||
| Chimney of Plant Bowen Coal | 1001 ft | 305 m | ||||
| Chimney of Chvaletice Power Station | 1001 ft | 305 m | 1977 | |||
| Chimney of Pleasants Power Plant | 1000 ft | 304.8 m | 2 chimneys | |||
| Chimney of Power Plant Scholven | 991 ft | 302 m | ||||
| Chimney of Power Plant Chemnitz | 991 ft | 302 m | ||||
| Chimney of SASOL III Synthetic Fuel Production Plant | 988 ft | 301 m | 1979 | |||
| Chimney of Lippendorf Power Station | 984 ft | 300 m | 1967 | Demolished in 2005 | ||
| Chimney of Tušimice Power Station | 984 ft | 300 m | 1974 | |||
| Chimney of Novaky Power Plant | 984 ft | 300 m | 1976 | |||
| Chimney of Clifty Creek Power Plant | 984 ft | 300 m | 1978 | |||
| Chimney of Prunéřov Power Station | 984 ft | 300 m | 1981 | |||
| Chimney of Duvha Power Station | 984 ft | 300 m | 1982 | |||
| Chimney of Power Plant Jänschwalde | 984 ft | 300 m | 1981 | |||
| Chimney of Provence Power Station | 984 ft | 300 m | 1984 | |||
| 984 ft | 300 m | 1987 | ||||
| Chimney of Walsum Power Station | 984 ft | 300 m | 1988 | |||
| Chimney of Herne Power Station | 984 ft | 300 m | 1989 | |||
| Chimney of Bishkek TEC | 984 ft | 300 m | 1989 | |||
| Chimney of Thierbach Power Station | 984 ft | 300 m | Demolished | |||
| Chimneys of Boxberg Power Station | 984 ft | 300 m | ||||
| Chimneys of Marl-Chemiepark Power Station | 984 ft | 300 m | Dismantled | |||
| Chimney of Orot Rabin | 984 ft | 300 m | 1997 | |||
| Chimney of Rybnik Power Station | 984 ft | 300 m | 1974 | |||
| Chimney of Jaworzno Power Station | 984 ft | 300 m | ||||
| Chimney of Bełchatów Power Station | 984 ft | 300 m | ||||
| Chimney of Kozienice Power Station | 984 ft | 300 m | ||||
| Chimney of Warszawa-Kawęczyn Power Station | 984 ft | 300 m | ||||
| Chimney 1 of Compostilla II Power Station | 951 ft | 290 m | Cubillos del Sil | |||
| Chimney of Bruce Mansfield Power Plant, Unit 1 + 2 | 950 ft | 289.6 m | 1976 | |||
| Chimney of Bergkamen Power Station | 925 ft | 282 m | 1981 | |||
| Chimney of Werdohl-Elverlingsen Power Station | 925 ft | 282 m | ||||
| Chimney of Fundidora Mexicana de Cobre | 919 ft | 280 m | 1988 | |||
| Chimney of Matla Power Station Smokestack | 906 ft | 276 m | 1982 | Destroyed | ||
| Chimney of John E. Amos Power Plant | 904 ft | 275.4 m | 1971/1973 | |||
| Chimney of Dahanu Power Station | 903 ft | 275.3 m | 1995 | Tallest in India | ||
| Chimney of Sagardighi Thermal Power Station | 902 ft | 275 m | 2004 | |||
| Chimney of Korba Power Plant | 902 ft | 275 m | 2009 | . | ||
| Chimney of Ibbenbüren Power Station | 902 ft | 275 m | 1985 | |||
| Chimney of TEC-5 | 901 ft | 275 m | 1983 | |||
| Chimneys of Kendal Power Station | 902 ft | 275 m | 1988/1991 | |||
| Chimneys of Lethabo Power Station | 902 ft | 275 m | 1985/1988 | |||
| Chimneys of Tutuka Power Station | 902 ft | 275 m | 1985/1988 | |||
| Chimneys of Matla Power Station | 902 ft | 275 m | 1984 | One stack is a replacement. Original stack was demolished after partial collapse of internal structure during construction. | ||
| Chimney of Orhaneli Power Plant | 902 ft | 275 m | ||||
| Chimney of Killen Generating Station | 901 ft | 274.5 m | 1982 | |||
| Chimney of Kammer Power Plant | 901 ft | 274.5 m | 1978 | |||
| Chimney of Power Plant Łódź | 757 ft | 274 m | 1977 | |||
| Chimney of Cardinal Power Plant, Unit 3 | 899 ft | 272.8 m | 1977 | |||
| Chimney of MIM Smelter (MIM Smelter Stack) | 886 ft | 270 m | 1978 | |||
| Chimney 2 of Compostilla II Power Station | 886 ft | 270 m | Cubillos del Sil | |||
| Chimney of Mělník Power Station | 886 ft | 270 m | 1971 | |||
| Chimney of Stavropolskaya GRES | 886 ft | 270 m | ||||
| Chimney of Kurganskaya TEC | 886 ft | 270 m | ||||
| Chimney of TEC-6 | 886 ft | 270 m | 1983 | |||
| Chimney of Ashbridges Bay Sewage Treatment Plant | 857 ft | 261.2 m | ||||
| Chimneys of Loy Yang Power Station | 853 ft | 260 m | ||||
| Chimney of Power Plant Siersza | 853 ft | 260 m | 1970 | |||
| Chimney of Power Plant Kraków-Leg | 853 ft | 260 m | ||||
| Chimney of Power Plant Rybnik | 853 ft | 260 m | ||||
| Chimney of Dětmarovice Power Station | 850 ft | 259 m | 1975 | |||
| Chimney of Shawville Generating Station | 850 ft | 259 m | 1976 | |||
| Chimney of R. E. Burger Power Plant | 850 ft | 259 m | 1972 | |||
| Chimneys of W. H. Sammis Power Plant, Unit 5 + 6 | 850 ft | 259 m | 1967 | |||
| Chimney of Drax Power Station | 850 ft | 259 m | 1969 | |||
| Chimney of Robert W Scherer Power Plant New Units 3&4 | 847 ft | 258 m | 2010 | |||
| Chimney of TEC-4 | 846 ft | 258 m | ||||
| Second chimney of Kostromskaya GRES | 840 ft | 256 m | 2002 | |||
| Chimney Hamburg-Port | 840 ft | 256 m | Demolished. At its demolition by explosives in April 2004 further damage occurred caused by miscalculation of debris trajectories. | |||
| Chimney of Loy Yang | 837 ft | 255 m | 1993 | |||
| Chimney of Power Plant Moszna | 830 ft | 253 m | ||||
| Chimney of Gen. J. M. Gavin Power Plant | 830 ft | 253 m | 1994 | |||
| Chimneys of Yates Power Plant | 830 ft | 253 m | 1974 | |||
| Chimney of El Paso Smelter | 828 ft | 252.5 m | 1967 | |||
| Chimney of HBM&S Flin Flon Smelter | 825 ft | 251 m | 1973 | |||
| Chimney of Esbjerg Power Station | 821 ft | 250.24 m | Denmark | Esbjerg | ||
| Chimneys of Bayswater Power Station | 820 ft | 250 m | ||||
| 820 ft | 250 m | |||||
| 820 ft | 250 m | 1978 | Croatia | |||
| Chimney of Wilhelmshaven Power Station | 820 ft | 250 m | 1976 | |||
| Chimney of Voerde Power Station | 820 ft | 250 m | 1982 | |||
| Chimney Grosskrotzenburg Power Station | 820 ft | 250 m | ||||
| Chimney Lünen Power Station | 820 ft | 250 m | ||||
| Chimney of Unit 6 of Bremen-Hafen Power Station | 820 ft | 250 m | ||||
| Chimney of Altbach Power Station | 820 ft | 250 m | ||||
| Chimney of Heilbronn Power Station | 820 ft | 250 m | ||||
| Chimneys Duisburg-Schwelgern | 820 ft | 250 m | ||||
| Chimney Duisburg-Neuenkamp | 820 ft | 250 m | ||||
| Chimney Duisburg-Hochfeld | 820 ft | 250 m | ||||
| Chimney of Mehrum Power Station | 820 ft | 250 m | ||||
| Chimney of AES Tisza 2 Power Plant | 820 ft | 250 m | 1974 | |||
| Chimney 1 and Chimney 2 of Orot Rabin | 820 ft | 250 m | 1993 | |||
| Chimneys of Porto Tolle Power Station | 820 ft | 250 m | 1977 | |||
| Chimney of Plant | 820 ft | 250 m | ? | |||
| Chimneys of Elektrenai Power Plant | 820 ft | 250 m | 1968 | |||
| Chimneys of Vilnius 3 Power Plant | 820 ft | 250 m | ||||
| Chimney of Power Plant Polaniac | 820 ft | 250 m | 2 chimneys | |||
| Chimney of Power Plant Katowice | 820 ft | 250 m | ||||
| Chimney of Power Plant Opole | 820 ft | 250 m | ||||
| Chimney of artificial fibre factory "WISKORD" | 820 ft | 250 m | ||||
| Chimney of Stavropolskaya GRES | 820 ft | 250 m | ||||
| 2 Chimneys of Reftinskaya GRES | 820 ft | 250 m | 1975 | |||
| Chimney of TEC-2 | 820 ft | 250 m | 1986 | |||
| 2 Chimneys of TEC-23 | 820 ft | 250 m | 1975/1981 | Moscow | ||
| Chimney of TEC-27 | 820 ft | 250 m | 1994 | Moscow | ||
| Chimney of TEC-2 | 820 ft | 250 m | ||||
| Chimney of TEC-2 | 820 ft | 250 m | ||||
| Chimney of Kashirskaya GRES | 820 ft | 250 m | ||||
| Chimney of Troitskaya TEC | 820 ft | 250 m | ||||
| Chimneys of Majuba Power Station | 820 ft | 250 m | 1996/2000 | |||
| Chimneys of Matimba Power Station | 820 ft | 250 m | 1987/1990 | |||
| Chimneys of Taichung Power Plant | 820 ft | 250 m | ||||
| Chimney of ASARCO Cooper Plant | 814 ft | 248 m | 1967 | |||
| Chimney of Yates Power Plant | 805 ft | 245.4 m | 1971/1973 | |||
| Chimneys of Monroe Power Plant | 801 ft | 244.1 m | 1974 | |||
| Chimney of Grain Power Station | 801 ft | 244 m | 1979 | |||
| Chimney of Shawnee Power Plant | 801 ft | 244 m | 1979/1980 | |||
| Chimneys of Miami Fort Power Plant | 801 ft | 244 m | 1975/1978 | |||
| Chimneys of J M Stuart Generating Station | 801 ft | 244 m | 1970/1971/1972/1974 | |||
| Chimney of Paradise Power Plant | 801 ft | 244 m | 1970 | |||
| Chimneys of Homer City Generating Station, Unit 1 + 2 | 801 ft | 244 m | 1969 | |||
| Chimneys of Keystone Generating Station, Unit 1 + 2 | 801 ft | 244 m | 1967/68 | |||
| Chimney of Bull Run Power Plant | 801 ft | 244 m | 1967 | |||
| 800 ft | 243.8 m | |||||
| Chimney of Marl-Chemiepark Power Station | 791 ft | 241 m | ||||
| Chimney of Scholven A Power Station | 798 ft | 240.5 m | ||||
| Chimneys of Luohuang Power Station | 787 ft | 240 m | 1989/2005 | |||
| Chimney of Voerde Power Station | 787 ft | 240 m | ||||
| Chimneys of Bexbach Power Station | 787 ft | 240 m | ||||
| Chimney of Cuno Power Station | 787 ft | 240 m | ||||
| Chimney of Allen S King Generating Station | 786 ft | 239.5 m | ||||
| Chimneys of Navajo Generating Station | 775 ft | 236.2 m | 1997/1998/1999 | |||
| Chimney Inverkip Power Station | 774 ft | 236 m | 1976 | |||
| Chimney Power Station Schwandorf | 771 ft | 235 m | Demolished | |||
| Chimneys of Niederaussem Power Station | 768 ft | 234 m | ||||
| Сhimney of Petrogal Sines | 768 ft | 234 m | ? | |||
| Chimney Heating Power Station Karlsruhe | 764 ft | 233 m | ||||
| Chimneys Weiher Power Station | 761 ft | 232 m | ||||
| Chimneys of Kashima Thermal power station | 758 ft | 231 m | 1971 | |||
| Chimney of Plant Gaston | 755 ft | 230 m | 2009 | |||
| Chimney of Plant Gorgas | 755 ft | 230 m | 2007 | |||
| Chimney of Callide 'C' Power Station | 755 ft | 230 m | 2000 | |||
| Chimney of Šoštanj Power Station | 755 ft | 230 m | ||||
| Chimney of Cheswick Power Station | 755 ft | 230 m | 1970 | Springdale, Pennsylvania | ||
| Chimney of Castrop-Rauxel Power Station | 755 ft | 230 m | ||||
| Chimney of Voerde Power Station | 755 ft | 230 m | ||||
| Chimney of Power Plant Lubin | 755 ft | 230 m | ||||
| Chimney of New Castle Power Plant | 750 ft | 228.6 m | 1977 | |||
| Chimney of Heyden Power Station | 745 ft | 227 m | ||||
| Chimney of Heating Power Station Gera-Nord | 738 ft | 225 m | ||||
| Chimney Power Station Jena | 738 ft | 225 m | ||||
| Chimney of Power Plant Bielsko Biala | 738 ft | 225 m | 1975 | |||
| Chimney of Power Plant Kraków-Leg | 738 ft | 225 m | ||||
| Chimney Power Station Asnæsværket | 723 ft | 220.1 m | ||||
| Chimney of Moneypoint Generating Station | 722 ft | 220 m | 1985 | Designed to have a height of 225m, but built to a height of 220m after changes during construction | ||
| Chimney of Mittal Steel Ostrava | 722 ft | 220 m | ||||
| Chimney of Počerady Power Station | 722 ft | 220 m | 1977 | |||
| Chimney of Schilling Power Station | 722 ft | 220 m | 1962 | |||
| Chimneys of Bayer-Power Station Leverkusen | 722 ft | 220 m | were used until 1944 as carrier for Bayer Cross Leverkusen | |||
| Chimney of Chita Power Plant Units 1-4 | 722 ft | 220 m | ||||
| Chimney of Power Plant Głogów | 722 ft | 220 m | ||||
| Chimney of Power Plant Polkowice | 722 ft | 220 m | ||||
| Chimney of Power Plant Toruń | 722 ft | 220 m | ||||
| Chimneys of Morgantown Generating Station | 718 ft | 218.85 m | 1970/1971 | |||
| Chimney of West Power Station | 715 ft | 218 m | 1970 | |||
| Chimney of Pembroke Power Station | 713 ft | 217.3 m | 1968 | Demolished | ||
| Chimney of Shell Pernis | 712 ft | 216 m | 1974 | |||
| Chimney of Littlebrook Power Station, Unit 'D' | 705 ft | 215 m | 1981 | Dartford, England | ||
| Chimney of the Hongkong Electric Lamma Island Power Plant | 705 ft | 215 m | ||||
| Chimney of Richard L. Hearn Thermal Generating Station | 705 ft | 214.9 m | ||||
| Chimney of Intermountain Power Plant | 701 ft | 213.67 m | 1987 | |||
| Chimney of Plant Miller Units 1&2 | 700 ft | 213.5 m | 2010 | Quinton, Alabama | ||
| Chimney of Plant Miller Units 3&4 | 700 ft | 213.5 m | 2009 | Quinton, Alabama | ||
| Chimney of Rush Island Power Station | 700 ft | 213.5 m | 1975 | |||
| Chimneys of Lacygne Power Plant | 700 ft | 213.5 m | 1973/1977 | |||
| Chimney of Matla Power Station | 700 ft | 213.5 m | 1979 | |||
| Chimney of Iatan Power Plant | 700 ft | 213.5 m | 1980 | |||
| Chimney of Oswego Generating Station | 700 ft | 213.5 m | 1980 | |||
| Chimney of Nebraska City Power Station | 700 ft | 213.5 m | 1978 | |||
| Chimney of Oswego Generating Station, Unit 5 | 700 ft | 213.5 m | 1976 | |||
| Chimneys of Labadie Power Station | 700 ft | 213.5 m | 1970/1972 | |||
| Chimney of Alma Power Station | 700 ft | 213.5 m | ||||
| Chimney of Sibley Generating Station | 700 ft | 213.3 m | 1967 | |||
| Chimney of Power Plant Kielce | 699 ft | 213 m | ||||
| Chimney of Tarong North Power Station | 689 ft | 210 m | 2001 | |||
| Chimney of Stanwell Power Station | 689 ft | 210 m | 1993 | |||
| Chimney of Callide Power Station, Unit 'B' | 689 ft | 210 m | 1988 | |||
| Chimney of Tarong Power Station | 689 ft | 210 m | 1986 | |||
| Chimney of Toshima Incinerator | 689 ft | 210 m | 1999 | Ikebukuro, Tokyo | ||
| Chimney of Guangdong Yudean Jinghai Power Generation Station | 689 ft | 210 m | 2007 | |||
| Chimney of Guangdong Red Bay Generation Powerplant | 689 ft | 210 m | 2006 | |||
| Chimney of Zhanjiang Aoliyou Powerplant | 689 ft | 210 m | 2005 | |||
| Chimney of Huaneng Shantou Powerplant | 689 ft | 210 m | 1996 | |||
| Chimney Power Station Moers-Meerbeck | 689 ft | 210 m | ||||
| Chimney Power Station Dortmund-Derne | 689 ft | 210 m | Dortmund-Derne, North Rhine-Westphalia | |||
| Chimney Karlsruhe | 689 ft | 210 m | ||||
| Chimney of Gustav Knepper Power Station | 689 ft | 210 m | ||||
| Chimneys of Poolbeg Generating Station | 680 ft | 207.3 m | 1970 / 1978 | |||
| Chimney of Plant Hammond | 675 ft | 205.8 m | 2008 | Coosa, Georgia | ||
| Chimney of Plant Bowen Units 1&2 | 675 ft | 205.8 m | 2008 | |||
| Chimney of Plant Bowen Units 3&4 | 675 ft | 205.8 m | 2007 | |||
| Chimney of Plant Wansley | 675 ft | 205.8 m | 2007 | |||
| Chimney of Zinifex Smelter (Zinifex Smelter Stack) | 673 ft | 205 m | ||||
| Fina Antwerp Olefins Flare | 673 ft | 205 m | ||||
| Chimney of Ironbridge Power Station | 673 ft | 205 m | 1970 | Ironbridge, England | ||
| Chimney of Slovalco | 669 ft | 204 m | ||||
| Chimney of Mondi Business Paper SCP | 669 ft | 204 m | ||||
| Chimney of MVM Észak-Buda Power Station | 666 ft | 203 m | 1974 | |||
| Chimney Power Station Franken II | 663 ft | 202 m | 1963/64 | Demolished in 2001 | ||
| Chimneys of Eraring Power Station | 656 ft | 200 m | 1982/83 | |||
| Chimney of Simmering Power Station, Unit 3 | 656 ft | 200 m | 1990 | |||
| Chimney of Cementárna Maloměřice | 656 ft | 200 m | ||||
| Chimney of Škoda Auto | 656 ft | 200 m | ||||
| Chimney of Mělník Power Station | 656 ft | 200 m | 1980 | |||
| Chimney of Ledvice Power Station | 656 ft | 200 m | 1969 | |||
| Chimney of Počerady Power Station | 656 ft | 200 m | ||||
| Chimney of Spolana Neratovice | 656 ft | 200 m | ||||
| 656 ft | 200 m | 1967 | ||||
| Chimney Power Station Mannheim-Neckarau | 656 ft | 200 m | ||||
| Chimney Ludwigshafen | 656 ft | 200 m | ||||
| Chimney Leverkusen | 656 ft | 200 m | ||||
| Chimney Essen-Karnap | 656 ft | 200 m | ||||
| Chimney Power Station Hamm-Schmehausen | 656 ft | 200 m | ||||
| Chimneys of Frimmersdorf Power Station | 656 ft | 200 m | ||||
| Cooling tower of Niederaussem Power Station | 656 ft | 200 m | World's tallest cooling tower | |||
| Chimney of Irsching Power Station | 656 ft | 200 m | ||||
| Chimney Breitungen | 656 ft | 200 m | ||||
| Chimneys Wilhelmshaven | 656 ft | 200 m | ||||
| Chimney of Schkopau Power Station | 656 ft | 200 m | ||||
| Chimney of Schwedt Power Station | 656 ft | 200 m | ||||
| Chimney of Hekinan Power Plant, Units 1-3 | 656 ft | 200 m | 1990 | |||
| Chimney of Sakaide Power Plant, Units 2-4 | 656 ft | 200 m | 1971 | |||
| Chimney of Anan Power Plant | 656 ft | 200 m | ||||
| Chimney of Atsumi Power Plant | 656 ft | 200 m | ||||
| Chimney of Chita Daini Power Plant | 656 ft | 200 m | ||||
| Chimney of Chita Power Plant | 656 ft | 200 m | ||||
| Chimney of New Plymouth Power Station | 656 ft | 200 m | 1972 | |||
| Chimney of Power Plant Katowice | 656 ft | 200 m | ||||
| Chimney of Power Plant Zabrze | 656 ft | 200 m | ||||
| Chimney of Power Station Kozienice | 656 ft | 200 m | ||||
| Chimney of Power Plant Bedsin-Lagisza | 656 ft | 200 m | ||||
| Chimney of Power Station Patnow | 656 ft | 200 m | ||||
| Chimney of Power Station Poznań-Karolin | 656 ft | 200 m | ||||
| Chimney of Power Station Warszawa-Siekierki | 656 ft | 200 m | ||||
| Chimney of Power Station Gdańsk | 656 ft | 200 m | ||||
| Chimney of Power Station Warszawa-Zeran | 656 ft | 200 m | ||||
| 656 ft | 200 m | 1989 | Destroyed | |||
| 656 ft | 200 m | 1976 | ||||
| Chimney of Fiddlers Ferry Power Station | 656 ft | 200 m | 1971 | Widnes, England | ||
| 655 ft | 199.7 m | 2005 | One of the newest entries | |||
| Port Kembla Copper Stack | 650 ft | 198 m | 1965 | Scheduled to be demolished in 2010 | ||
| Chimney of Tušimice Power Station | 643 ft | 196 m | 1964 | Demolished on November 27, 2005 by explosives | ||
| 626 ft | 195.6 m | 2006 | ||||
| Chimney of Tepláreň | 607 ft | 185 m | ||||
| Chimney of Plant Barry | 600 ft | 183 m | 2009 | |||
| Chimney of Brunner Island Power Plant | 600 ft | 183 m | 2008 | |||
| Chimney of Coleson Cove Generating Station | 600 ft | 183 m | 2004 | |||
| Chimney of Seward Power Plant | 600 ft | 183 m | 1921 | |||
| Chimney of Coleson Cove Generating Station | 600 ft | 183m | 1976 | Two chimneys | ||
| Chimney of Senoko Power Station | 597 ft | 182 m | 1976 | Two chimneys Stages II and III ( Stage II chimney demolition completed in July 2010 ) | ||
| Chimney of Tychy CHP Power Plant | 591 ft | 180 m | 1976 | |||
| Chimney of Duck Creek Power Plant | 588 ft | 179.3 m | 2008 | |||
| 585 ft | 178.3 m | 1919 | Tallest brick chimney in the world | |||
| Chimney of Monroe Power Plant | 580 ft | 176.8 m | 2007 | |||
| Chimney of Suginami Incinerator | 524 ft | 160 m | 1982 | Suginami, Tokyo | ||
| Chimney of Petrochema | 524 ft | 160 m | 1989 | |||
| Chimney of ASARCO | 492 ft | 155 m | 1929 | Chimney built of bricks, actually the government is building a huge park around it, and a laser will be placed at the top. | ||
| Chimneys of Moss Landing Power Plant | 500 ft | 153 m | 1964 | Two chimneys | ||
| Chimney of Volkswagen | 492 ft | 150 m | ||||
| Chimney of Senoko Incineration Plant | 492 ft | 150 m | 1992 | Two chimneys | ||
| Chimney of Novaky Power Plant-B, Units 1 + 2 | 492 ft | 150 m | 1963 | |||
| 492 ft | 150 m | ? | ||||
| 459 ft | 140 m | 1889 | Chimney built of bricks | |||
| 454 ft | 138.4 m | 1859 | Chimney built of bricks | |||
| Chimneys of Morro Bay Power Plant[4] | 450 ft | 137.1 m | 1955 | Three chimneys | ||
| 427 ft | 130 m | 1991 | ||||
| 427 ft | 130 m | 1973 | Paris | |||
| Many lower chimneys | ||||||
